简单句类型 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 1. Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） 2. Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋谓＋表） 3. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 1.  Ｓ  Ｖ           （主＋谓） 2.  Ｓ  Ｖ  Ｐ       （主＋谓＋表） 3.  Ｓ  Ｖ  Ｏ       （主＋谓＋宾） 4. Ｓ  Ｖ  ｏ  Ｏ   （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 5.  Ｓ  Ｖ  Ｏ  Ｃ   （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

I like the girl. I like the pretty girl. I like the pretty girl very much. I like the girl who is pretty very much. As soon as I saw the girl, I fell in love with her. As soon as I saw the girl at the party, I fell in love with her.

I tell him the news. I found him dead. I felt/ was frightened. The thing doesn’t matter. The thing that he said doesn’t matter. What he said doesn’t matter. The news that I told him spread out quickly. The news that he was dead spread out quickly .

The Article

The Indefinite Article

1.第一次提到、表类别 A hibernating animal cannot move about in its usual way. 2. 表示“一” I’ll be back in a day or two. 3.表示“每” At a time , at one time, at times 4.表示“同一” Things of a kind come together, so do people of a mind. Your shoes and mine are of a size. They are of an age.

5.quite( rather, many, half, what, such) ＋a(an) He is rather a fool. Many a student show great interest in it. He was such a fool as to believe what she said. 8.表示“一类” Kunming , a place neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter, is the capital of Yunnan Province. 9.指某人或事物，但不具体说明何人或何物 He has just come back from a Beijing factory.

The Definite Article

3.形容词最高级前（副词前可省） Of the three parks, this is the most beautiful. 4.序数词前 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 5.某些比较级前 Of the two books, the child chose the less expensive one. The sooner, the better. 6.独一无二的自然现象、方位 The wind has changed to the south. the world, the universe, a cold wind

7.定冠词＋形容词表类别 The true, the good, and the beautiful would not exist without the false, the evil, and the ugly. 8.与表“国民”的名词搭配 The Chinese are a hard-working people. 10.不是说每一个人或物的情况，而是说整个属性 The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. 11、用在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等地理名称前。 the Pacific Ocean, the Yellow River

11.其他情形 John is paid by the hour. the Smiths, the Curies in the 90’s, in the 20th century He hit him in the face. I led the child by the hand. beat sb. on the nose, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the head

The Absence Of Article

1.物质名词和抽象名词前 I like tea. Knowledge begins with practice. 3.表示类别的复数名词前 I like flowers. Some people are still in the habit of writing silly things in public places. 6.可数名词抽象化 go to bed, go to school, put sb. in prison

7.月份、节日、国名、洲名 January , July ,in spring. (in the spring of 2004) Children’s Day, Christmas. (the Spring Festival) China Asia Beijing University 8.呼语 Stay where you are, girl! 9. 一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。 Dinner is ready. to have breakfast/lunch/supper The breakfast was well cooked. We had a wonderful supper.

10.与西洋乐器名词搭配,而中国民族乐器前不用冠词.学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 Tom played the piano and I played Erhu. He is playing a borrowed violin. Do you study physics? He likes playing football/chess. 11.turn用作系动词时，后面作表语的单数名词前不用冠词。 He turned writer many years later. 12. as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词不带冠词。 Child as she is, she knows a lot of French.

13. no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后面的名词不用冠词。 No such thing has ever happened in this village.

RELATED IDIOMS

1.与不定冠词连用的习语 in a word, have a word with, all of a sudden, as a result, as a matter of fact, have a good time, take a walk, in a while, in a hurry, take (an) interest in, have a good knowledge of, once upon a time 2.与定冠词连用的习语 all the year round, by the way, in the distance, to tell the truth, for the most part, the same, the rest of , on the right, in the east of

3.不带冠词的习语 at present( work, rest, war, night, noon, dawn, sunrise ), in danger (place, debt, fact, trouble ), all day, on top of, in charge of, in front of,in possession of, out of question, by air( land, sea, bus, radio)

有无冠词而迥异短语

behind time 迟到 behind the times 落在时代后 by day 在白天 by the day 按日计算 by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边 in front of 在...(外面的)前面 in the front of 在...(内部的前面) in charge of 看护,负责 in the charge of 由...看护,由...负责 on occasion 不时地;必要时 on the occasion 在那时 out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能

five of us 我们中的五人(部分) the five of us 我们五个人(全部) a yellow and white cat 一只黄白相间的猫 a yellow and a white cat 一只黄猫和一只白猫 die of cold 冻死 die of a cold 感冒而死 have words with 与...争吵 have a word with 与...略谈