Warming up

How many Nature Disasters do you know? tornado, hurricane typhoon seismic sea wave / tsunami

sand storm thunderstorm volcanic eruption

drought flood

fire hurricane

earthquake

我国地震分布

Natural disasters volcano sandstorm drought flood fire hurricane tsunami earthquake

Discussion 1) Do you know what would happen before an earthquake? 2) What can we do to keep ourselves safe from an earthquake?

Bright lights flash in the sky

Animals are too nervous, such as cows, dogs, horses, and snakes, etc.

Predictions of an earthquake: 1) Bright lights flash in the sky; 2) The water in the well rise and fall; 3) The well walls have deep cracks with smelly gas; 4) Animals are too nervous, such as cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, etc; 5) Mice run out to look for places to hide; 6) Fish jump out of the ponds.

2008.5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake Can you describe how terrible the earthquake was?

The city lay in ruins. 破败不堪

The buildings fell down. 倒塌

Roads might crack. 开裂

Many people were killed or injured. 受伤的

A great number of people lost their homes. 许多，大量

A terrible earthquake happened in India.

Tangshan, Hebei July 28th, 1976

I. 英汉互译。 1. 暴风雨前总是很平静。_____________________________ 2. 给你的同伴描述一次地震（情景） ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 3. have a class discussion ________________ 4. leave it right away ________________ It is always calm before a storm. Describe to your partner what happened in an earthquake. 进行课堂讨论 立刻离开

II. 根据括号内的提示完成句子。 Can you imagine _______________________ （她可能出什么事了）? 2. Don’t worry. ________________（你 有时间）to take your book back. what might happen to her You have time

Reading A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP

Do a fast reading of the passage. Join the correct parts of the sentences. 1 The chickens didn’t eat because C they were nervous. 2 The people didn’t worry because E they didn’t know what the strange events meant.

3 Such a great number of people died because 4 Water was needed because 5 The people did not lose hope because B the quake happened while they were sleeping. D dams and wells were useless. A the army came to help them.

Second reading: Structure of the text Part Events Before the earthquake (Paragraph _______) _____________ were happening both in the countryside and in the city of Tangshan but ______________ them. During the earthquake (Paragraph _______) The earthquake ________ the city and _______ the people. Strange things 1 no one noticed destroyed shocked 2-3

Part Events After the earthquake (Paragraph _______) Soldiers were sent to dig out those trapped and _______ the dead; _______ were built for the homeless and ___________ was taken to the city. to bury shelters 4 fresh water

Third reading: Details of each part Part 1 Part 2 Part 3

Part1 Things What happened water in the well well walls chickens and pigs mice fish sky sound water pipes rose and fell deep cracks, smelly gas too nervous to eat ran out of, looking for places to hide jumped out bright lights sound of planes heard even no planes cracked and burst

Para. 2-3 Data (数据) 1/3 ______ of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was __ kilometres long and _____ metres wide cut across houses. In ___ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. ____ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than ________. All of the city’s hospitals, _____ of its factories and buildings and _____ of its homes were gone. These numbers show the destructive effects of earthquake directly to students which can help student gain more information about the earthquake. 8 30 15 2/3 400,000 75% 90%

☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ Part3 :After the earthquake How the army helped the people in Tangshan? The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury those who were trapped. ☆ Miners were rescued from the coal mines. ☆ Shelters were built for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. ☆ Fresh water was taken to the city. ☆

Post-reading: Retell the story ____________ happened in Tang Shan. For a few days, water in the wells _____________. From the ______ of wells __________come out. Mice, chicken, pigs and even fish became ________. At 3:00 am, everything began to ______. It seemed that the world was _________. _________ of the nation ____ it. ___________ cut across the city. The city lay _______. Strange things rose and fell cracks smelly gas nervous shake at an end One-third felt A huge crack in ruins

Two-thirds of the people _____ or ___________ Two-thirds of the people _____ or ___________. Then later that afternoon, another big quake ______ Tang Shan. People began to wonder ___________________________. But all hope ____________. _______ came to help those ________. Slowly, the city began to _____________. died were injured shook how long the disaster would last was not lost Soldiers survivors breathe again

protect ourselves if an earthquake happened? Discussions What should we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happened?

Language points Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. imagine: form a mental picture imagine + n. /pron. imagine sb. to be shake: cause to move to and fro

right away: at once; in no time; immediately right now: at this very moment Make up your mind ___________. I’ll return the book ___________. right now right away

2. rise vi. rose, risen 上升; 升起; 上涨; 升高; 增加 raise vt. raised, raised 举起, 抬起，喂养 He _____ from his chair when the door bell rang. Her job is _______ chickens. Her temperature is still ______. He ________ in rank recently. rose raising rising has risen

3. A ______ gas came ___ __ the cracks. smelly out of smelly: smell+ y = adj. smell n./v (smelt/ smelled) They were all hungry and the food ______ good. I can ______ something burning in the kitchen. Please throw the _______ fish away. smelt smell smelly

4. … the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _____. burst burst可以作动词，意为：使爆炸;使破裂 ；突然发生，突然出现。常构成短语burst into sth. 或burst out doing sth.，表示“突然开始（做某事）”，如：burst into tears = burst out crying（表示“突然哭起来”）。也可以作名词，意为： 爆炸。例如：

1. The dam burst after heavy rains. 2. In the game, children try to burst balloons by sitting on them. 3. Claire looked as if she were about to burst into tears. 4. Joan didn’t say anything at first and then she burst out crying. 5. There is a burst in the water pipe.

[即学即练] 根据burst的用法，完成下列句子。 1. Everyone in the room burst out _________ (laugh). 2. She found there were ________ (burst) in the well walls. laughing bursts

5. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. [考点] 定语从句中引导词who的用法。 [考例] Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t. (北京 2006) A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填;不填

6. It seemed as if the world… 1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我 似的。 2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that: It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。

本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。 It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!

It seemed that the world was __ ___ ___. an end Compare: at the end of by the end of in the end at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合， 到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态; in the end 意思“最后、终于”。

1) His father will return home ___________ this year. 2) He will be a scientist __________. 3) How many English words had you learned ____________ last term? at the end of in the end by the end of

7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in _____. ruins lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain state in ruins: severely damaged or destroyed Compare: ruin; destroy; damage

　①damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与to something 连用。 　The accident did a lot of damage to his car. 　②destroy 只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复, 常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。 　The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 　　

③ruin则表示破坏严重, 以致不能修复, 但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作 “使毁灭”、 “使崩溃”、 “弄糟”解;用作名词时, 它表示 “毁灭”、 “瓦解”、 “废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。 　　The fire ruined the castle. 　　The house has fallen into ruin. 　　The company is facing ruin.

The village ___ in ruins after the war. These machines have ____ idle since the factory closed. An earthquake left the whole town _______. His career is ________. lay lain in ruins in ruins

Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _________. destroyed He ______ his girl friend’s prospects ruined Soft wood ________easily. damages

8. Two-thirds of the people died or were _______ during the earthquake. injured More than 61% of the surface of the earth ____ covered by water. Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ____ young. 以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。 is are

请根据提示完成下列句子。 1. ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ____ (be) girls. 2. __________ (五分之三) of the soil __________ (wash) away by the flood last night. 3. ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company. 4. ______ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday ______ (be) interesting. One-third are Three-fifths was washed Half are made Most was

5. _________________ (数万) people _____________ (dance) in the big square now. 6. There were ____________ (一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday. 7. _________________ (百分之九十) of the mountain __________ (cover) by trees. Tens of thousands of are dancing ten thousand 90% / 90 percent is covered

injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically Compare: injure; hurt; wound 三者都可表示受伤，伤害。hurt可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。wound一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。injure 一般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为“外伤”。

Their criticisms _________ him deeply. Smoking will ________ his health. He was slightly ________ in the car accident. He got _________ in the fighting. What you said _____ my feeling. have hurt injured injured wounded hurt

9. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. [分析] a. 这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。 b. 本句的结构是：第一个分句（Thousands of families were killed） + and + 第二个分句（many children were left without parents）。 c. 第二个分句的结构为：主语（many children） + 谓语（were left） + 主语补足语（without parents）。

d. 可以充当补足语的还有形容词、分词、不定式、名词或句子等。 [仿写] ________________________________________________________________________ （有这么多作业要做，我怎么能轻松起来呢？） How could I feel relaxed with so much homework to do?

10. Trap 阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。 1)The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it). 2) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving information. 3) If we’re lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap. 4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government.

[自我归纳] trap可以作_____，意为： ___________（句1）。可以构成短语trap sb. into (doing) sth.，表示“使中计；使陷入圈套”（句2）。也可以作名词, 意为： _____ （句3）； _____ （句4）。 动词 使陷入困境 陷阱 困境

[即学即练] 根据括号内的提示完成句子。 1. I knew perfectly well _____________ (这是一个陷阱). 2. By clever questioning, they ______________ (诱使他) making an agreement. it was a trap trapped him into

11. shock [寓词于境] 阅读下列句子，注意shock的意思及用法。 1. The shock of her father’s death made her ill. 2. The news of his death came as a shock to us all. 3. He isn’t seriously injured but is in shock. 4. I felt the shock as the plane hit the ground. 5. It shocks you when something like that happens.

[自我归纳] shock可以作名词，意为：打击（句1）； _____（句2）；休克（句3）； _____ （句4）。也可以作动词，意为： _________ （句5）。 [拓展] shocked为形容词，表示“吃惊的、震惊的”。如：For a few minutes we stood in shocked silence. 震惊 震动 （使）震惊

1. The news of his mother’s death ____________________（使他非常震惊）. [即学即练] 根据括号内的提示完成句子。 1. The news of his mother’s death ____________________（使他非常震惊）. 2. She ______________（因休克死亡） following an operation on her brain. 3. What really ___________（让我震惊的）was that no one seemed to care about that. 4. ______________（我们很吃惊）to hear about his leaving. was a terrible shock to him died of shock shocked me We were shocked

12. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. [考点] last在此句中意为“持续，延续”。可单独使用，也可后接for +一段时间（for可以省略）。

[考例] The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and ______ only thirty minutes. (2004全国卷II) A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts [点拨] 根据句意“……只持续30分钟”，排除C； keep意为“维持，保持”时，后接形容词作表语，排除A; continue指继续做某事；last指某事持续了多长时间。

13. All hope was not lost. [考点] all...not = not all...意为“并不都……”，是部分否定。当all, both及every的合成词与not 连用时，表示部分否定；完全否定要用no, never, nowhere, none, neither, nothing, nobody等。

[考例] I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______. (NMET 1997) A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing [点拨] 根据前面的“我同意你说的大部分”，暗示“我并不同意所有的”，可知是部分否定，选A。not...everything表示的是部分否定。

14. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. dig out 挖掘；发现 bury: A. to place in the ground B. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration; absorb

The dog buried the bone in the ground. I buried myself in my studies. bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted to

a. 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。 b. 本句的结构是：主语（The army） + 谓语（organized） + 宾语（teams） + 目的状语（to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead）。 c. who were trapped是定语从句，修饰先行词those。 d. and连接两个不定式短语作目的状语。

15. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. [考点] whose意为“……的”，在定语从句中作关系代词，后接名词。当前面的先行词与后面的名词构成所属关系时，就用关系代词whose。其先行词可以是人，也可以是物。

[考例] Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. (天津 2005) A. that B. whose C. those D. what [点拨] 因from前是逗号，可判断出后面是一个定语从句，排除those；从句部分与先行词之间的关系为：the people are still suffering from the effects of the floods，whose指代of the floods, 在句中作定语，故此题选B。

Discussion What can we do to reduce the damage of earthquakes?

keys 1. Build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together; 2. Build the houses on rock than on sand. 3. Make the houses as strong as possible, weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake.

1. Practice reading the whole text. 2. Finish off the exercise. Learning about language.